Guidelines For an Action Plan

Use the Following Guidelines as a Plan of Action

1. Get as much information about the nature of the accident and symptoms as possible.

2. Call for assistance. 9-1- 1 or any non-emergency number depending on the seriousness of the emergency.

3. Keep the injured person comfortable. Do not move any injured person.

4. If the situation requires it, use first aid or CPR. Stay calm and appoint someone to assist.

5. Keep crowds away. Delegate someone to control the crowds if you are performing first aid or CPR.

6. Direct the ambulance or emergency medical staff to the scene of the emergency.

7. Assist ambulance crew or medical personnel as requested.

8. Be sure to report any medical emergency with as much detail as possible.

Other Areas You Need to Know as Recommended by the Ministry

Every security guard should familiarize himself with the following areas of emergency first aid:

• Shock, Unconsciousness and Fainting

• Choking – Adult

• Severe Bleeding

Emergency First Aid & CPR Level C Course Outline

The following information is a general outline of the Emergency First Aid Course, CPR-C.

This content is not to be considered a replacement for the proper in-class First Aid/CPR Training. This information is provided in order to facilitate a better understanding of what the Emergency First Aid/CPR-C Course is offering. Learning or memorizing this content does not confer any type of certification, diploma or qualification in First Aid or CPR.

Emergency First Aid and CPR Level C is a sum of knowledge and practical skills a First Responder requires in order to assist the casualty suffering from an accident or an acute medical condition.

CPR Level C – Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Is the knowledge and skills a First Responder Required to Identify and help casualties of sudden cardiac arrest of any age. Adults, children and infants included.

Legal Framework of Emergency First Aid & CPR

There are legal consequences of applying Emergency First Aid. As a security guard, you should be familiar with:

• Roles and Responsibilities of First Responders

• The Good Samaritan Act in Ontario

• Duty to act (Ontario and other provinces)

• Abandonment and Negligence

• Victim/Patient Consent

• Standard of Care

• The Chain of Survival: Early 911, Early CPR, Early Defibrillation, Early Advanced Life Support

Scene Safety

Making any situation safe means identifying safety hazards at the scene of the emergency (“fire, wire, gas, glass, people”). Next, you should ensure the safety of the First Responder, bystanders and victims.

You will have to identify methods of prevention of infectious diseases and barrier devices (wearing gloves, usage of CPR masks and shields, washing hands, etc). Some diseases are carried through bodily fluids (blood, vomit, saliva, etc). Others are airborne and blood-borne pathogens (Hepatitis, HIV, Tuberculosis).

Activating 911

Security guards must be able to identify situations requiring the 911 system to be activated. You need to know reporting procedures in placing a 911 call. You will have to be able to identify primary and secondary 911 agencies to respond (EMS, Fire or Police). Know the role(s) of the First Responder(s) in collaborating with emergency workers.

The Conscious & Unconscious Victim/Patient

First, you must determine the level of consciousness in a victim. Recognize the gravity of the situation based on the mechanism of injury, nature of illness and level of consciousness. Then take appropriate first aid measures based on the above information (such as protecting an unconscious victim’s airway by placing the victim in the “recovery position”). Identify patients who have suffered mortal injuries and futility of performing first aid (decapitation, putrefaction, etc). Identify victims requiring CPR –unconscious, unresponsive and exhibiting no signs of life (such as no breathing). Carry out triage of multiple casualties as it relates to mechanism of injury, nature of illness, and the resulting level of consciousness.

CPR Level C

CPR Level C includes patients of all ages. 0-12 months (infants) 1-7 years (children) and ages 8 and above (adults), defined as such for CPR skill techniques only. You will be able to define cardiopulmonary arrest (lack of breathing and circulation) and the causes leading to it. You must understand the importance of oxygen for the body and especially for the brain, brain damage and death resulting from lack of oxygen. You must understand the importance of restoring breathing and circulation in the victim of sudden cardiac arrest by performing CPR. At this level, you must understand how CPR artificially restores breathing (by performing mouth-to- mouth) and circulation (by performing chest compressions), effectiveness, statistics, troubleshooting. Practical skills: students will be performing CPR on a mannequin, ensuring proper airway, rescue breathing and chest compressions. You will be familiar with anatomical differences between adult, children and infant CPR technique different

Choking in Conscious & Unconscious Casualties

You should be able to identify leading causes of choking (airway obstructions) in adults, children and infants (food, vomit, small objects). You should be able to identify victims of chocking based on demeanour (grabbing one’s throat, etc.) and quality of the victim’s airway (ability to speak, etc.). You should be able to identify complete airway obstruction vs. partial airway obstruction, evaluation, activating 911, consent, manoeuvres to relieve the obstruction in conscious victims. You should be able to initiate CPR in unconscious, unresponsive and non-breathing victims of choking. Special situations: chocking in children, obese, pregnant, extremely tall victims, and self-help in choking when no rescuer is available